Reviewer Prelims Essay

Limitations to stinting ModelsModels an abstr mask generalization of how relevant f twists in truth relate to whiz a nonher. simplified pictures of realism1. Liberal Use of Assumptions2. Ceteris Paribus Everything else remains regular3. Short proceed grand Run Short Run is a fourth dimension range within which output flock be adjusted only by changing the amounts of variable inputs remain unchanged. Long run is a time stream that is long enough to permit changes in all inputs both fixed & variable. ** obdurate constant/doesnt change** covariant varies4. The Use of Graph optic representations of the affinity between 2 variables. ** Cartesian canvass Rene DescartesY axis Independentcausal agencyX axis Dependent final resultApproaches1. Positivebased on facts commit to describe an occurrence of an event bearingansw. the question, What is? Or What will be?2. prescriptivebased on opinion essential / judgmentalpredictiveansw. the question,What ought to be? Or What sh ould be?Branches of EconomicsMACRO bighearted birds eye view aggregate call for and supply contri aloneions made by contrasting sectors inthe economyMICRO little / individual particular / specific indigence and supply detailed close-up view Implications of scarcity1. The need to make choicea. probabilityb. Benefit or Punishmentc. measure out JudgmentOpinion2. Rationing pull3. CompetitionFour Economic Resources bang-up physical or military man roofLand natural resources (surface beneath)Labor toothsome troika or white collar is an effort human race skillsEntrepreneur 4 functions Initiative calling Policy groundbreaker Risk Taker1. Availability of ResourcesProducts Goods tangible function intangibleTwo Parties producer demanders (customers)2. aim of issueTwo Approaches Mkt. Aggregation (macro) Mkt. division (micro)3. Manner, Methods and TechniquesProcedure of outturns3 Methodsa. Capital intensive(capital labor)b. Labor Intensive(labor capital)c. Interm ediate Production(capital = labor)4. Target Clients / Customer2 Methodsa. train (modern)Networking and Direct Sellingb. Indirect (traditional) shaper Advertiser Wholesaler Retailers Consumer5. Price sightlyProfitable Producers Profit Costlow-cost Consumers CostBasic Economic Activities1. ProductionInputs Procedures OutputsClassification of Products1. Basic2. Luxury3. universal4. Free5. Economic Needs2. diffusion ReachTwo Methods of Distri plainlyiona. Non-conventional cheapest but slowestb. Conventional expensive but fast3. ExchangeBarter Sytem mediocre of ExhangeLegal Tender Philippine pesoNon-legal tender Foreign currencycommunications parley Commun (oe) Communis common Communicare to shareCommunication EffectivenessWords 7%Non-Verbal 93% Vocal 38% Visual 55%Vocal rate phasing of articulate voice quality voice pitchVisual oculesics (sight) haptics (touch) kinetics (body movement) accecories chronemics olfactics (hearing) proxemics (special)** Publi c Domain** familiar intimacy**Jargons the technical terminologyor characteristics idiom of a special activity or group.Communication Barrier1. distressing word choice2. Differing connotations3. Inappropriate inferences (conclusions)4. Grammar, Spelling, punctuation and sentence structure5. Wrong type of message6. Poor port of the vector of the oral message7. Poor appearance of written message8. Distracting environmental factors9. pass catcher incapable of receiving message10. Poor comprehend11. Lack of interest12. Lack of acquaintance needed to understand13. Different pagan perceptions14. insure difficulty15. Emotional bow16. BiasSOCIOLOGYCapacity to shift from one perspective to another(prenominal)Self-experience wider partySelf-centric views credenza and understanding of others History of Sociology19th snowFrench gyration* democratic views starts to sprung industrial enterprise* capitalist vs. laborers* rise of machinery* social-problems Scientific revolutionP ioneers of Sociology1. Auguste ComteFather of sociologyCoined the term socio(companion) and logy(study)2. Herbert Spencer association is a product of evolutionSocial Darwinism influenced himSociobiologist were not accepted in modern purchase order3. Karl MarxEmployed sociological inquiry with himself difference of opinion perspectiveHistory of the beget and have nots4. Emile DurkheimFather of Modern SociologySocial factsThe peak of social integration5. Max weberContradicting the political and economic ideas of Karl MarxSocial interaction conceptrise of Protestantism was a study contributor to the progress of capitalism and industrialisation Culture way of life history actual and Non-material nicetyBeliefs and traditionsModern/popular culture soulalitySocial Perspectives1. Social Funtionalist possible action Functionalists believe that society is held together by social consensus, in which members of the society go over upon, and work together to achieve, what is best fo r society as a whole. 2. Social fundamental interaction Theory (symbolic interactionalism which focuses on how quite a little act according to their interpretations of the meaning of their world. 3. Social impinge theory which focuses on the negative, conflicted, ever-changing personality of society.THEOLOGYLiving Like rescuerThe the Nazarene of history and of being humanLiving standardised deliverer is complex and PROBLEMATIC because of his supernatural state It is a HUGE obligation to live like himFOUR Rs1. resurrectA non-conformist who do not raiseHe was defiantHe was queer because of his differing beliefs2. ReformistA person who goes for something amend3. RevolutionaryA dreamer and an diligent workerDoesnt leave anything to bumpNever works alone4. constitutionalWho do not think and act like the restSomeone who challenges a particular orderJesus was RADICAL-MINDED, LIBERAL-MINDED and PRACTICAL-MINDED LiberatingA HERO who is DARINGA workAnalyticalPragmaticInnovato rJesuss timeGross evil that was fed by monstrous esurienceImpoverished sufferingsPatriarchal cultureJesus was BREAKTHROUGH-MINDEDBroke away from the way people think during his timeMORALITY placeSomething that is important to usActions are continuously a product of choicesExclusive to human actionsHuman beings are rational beings think is a product of intelligence3 Font principles of Christian Morality1. someone2. Context3. Acts and ConsequencesOrder means excerptSurvival is everybodys interestSociety comes together to create a organization of supportIf ones license ends, somebodys independence beginsCo-existence demands prizeChristianity is a success storyThought-fullness slew find ways to co-exist with one anotherPeople make agreement and incorporated decisions to have ORDER in the biotic community Order is beauty and beauty is life** Schechems, SamariaAt the comfortably of Schechem he met a womanOstrasize excluded/isolated nobody relates to you** The rational being is the Moral Being outdoor stage from FREEDOMA moral person is someone who is free to do what he/she likes(chooses to do) for as long as he/she does not infringe Infringe violates the freedom of othersFreedom is not absolutecreditworthy Freedom freedom is a responsibilityPenology penalENGLISHheadache EnglishCommunicative Competence noesis of the LanguageAbility to use the LanguageWritingSpeakingListeningrecitalTasks1. Types of letters2. Simulated Company lay downLogoSlogan/motto nature of BusinessVision/Mission3. Business Application LetterCurriculum VitaeBio-data drawStandard Formal EnglishNo errorsNo contractionsCorrect tensesDiction chemical mechanismSpellingAbbreviationsCapitalizationsSyllabicationsPunctuations** Simulation business / confederation Social Responsibility** Figures of Speech = Tropes part of a Letter1. Date Line. The month, day, and course the letter is typed. 2. Inside Address. The line and address of the person to whom the letter is being sent. 3. Salutat ion. An rise greeting such as approximate Ms. Jones. 4. Body. The text of the letter.5. Complimentary Closing. A stop to the letter such as in truth or Yours truly. 6. Signature. The writers signature.7. sources Identification. The writers typed name and address.FILIPINOMasining / Malikhaing PagpapahayagInilipat sa GEC s2004Dating Retorika na ayon sa CHED memorandum 59, s1996Mga Paksa1. Kalikasan at simula ng Retorika2. Masining na pagpapahayag(pasulat at pasalita)3. Kritikal na pagbasa sa mga sulatin4. Pagsulat ng 4 na uri ng pagpapahayagPagsasalaysayPaglalarawanPaglalahadPangangatwiran2 uri ng Pagpapahayag1. handed-down2. Conventional (makabago)Talambuhay1. Talambuhay ng sarili2. Talambuhay ng ibang taoPaksa1. Paksa2. Pagkalap ng impormasyon3. Pagbabalangkas4. Pagbasa5. Muling pagsulat6. Publikasyon/paglilimbayParaan istilo, wika , karakter, angkop sa bumabasa, angkop sa tema, paglalarawan ng karakterDipinisyon1. Maanyong Dipinisyon uri/klase2. Dipinisyong Pasanaysay Kontrasyon** Retorika magaling na tagapagsalitaClassical Greek Rethoric1. Corax Ama ng Greek empty wordsBahagi ng Talunmpati1. Proem2. autobiography/Narration3. Statement of assembly line4. Refutation/opposing argument5. succinct/Conclusion** Proem pagpapakilala sa nilalaman ng talumpati** Summary buong punto o buod ng paksa2. Tisias estudyante ni CoraxBahagi ng Talumpati1. Prologue2. Narrative3. Argument4. Epilogue** Prologue pagkuha sa atensyon ng takapakinig habang sinasabi ang introduksyon3. AristotleBahagi ng Talumpati1. Exordium2. Narratio3. Divisio (argument)4. Confirmatio (affirmative)5. Confutatio (refutation)6. Conclusio** Exordium pagkakaroon ng interaksyon sa tagapagsalita at sa takapakinig mula sa introduksyonMedieval Rhetoric1. Cicero5 Canons of Rhetoric1. Inventio (invention)2. Despositio (arrangement)3. Elocotiu (style)4. Memoria (memory)5. Action (delivery)** Inventio paksa, audience, sitwasyon** Despositio balangkas** Elocotiu figures of tongue** M emoria kaisipan2. quintuplettillianGood man speaking wellKarakter ng isang speakerTinaguriang Roman Wiseman3. TertullianUnang nagtranslate ng Holy ScriptureAma ng Latin ChristianityNagsulat ng Latin Christian belles-lettresNag-introduce sa Holy Trinity4. LucianSatirist aborigine speaker ng barbarian5. HermogenesGriyegong grandiosityLegal documentsAng retorika ay ang pagkakaroon ng mahusay na pagsasalita6. genus CapellaProseNarrativeDidactic method7. St. Augustine8. CassiodorousLetter committal to writing9. IsidoreEncyclopedia of Human KnowledgeDialectic approach10. Al QuinParliamentary ProcedureCivic11. the Venerable BedePoetry / poetic way of writing12. Nother LabeoLatin German Literature13. Boethius